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Current Question (ID: 18877)

Question:

$\text{The correct statement regarding inner transition elements is}$

Options:

1. $\text{The general electronic configuration of actinoids is } [\text{Xe}]^{54} 4f^{1-14}5d^{0-1}6s^2$
2. $\text{The general electronic configuration of lanthanoids is } [\text{Rn}]^{86} 5f^{1-14}6d^{0-1}7s^2$
3. $\text{Alkalies have no action on actinoids.}$
4. $\text{The principal oxidation state of lanthanoids is } +1.$

Solution:

$\text{(i) The general electronic configuration for lanthanoids is } [\text{Xe}]^{54} 4f^{1-14}5d^{0-1}6s^2 \text{ and for actinoids } [\text{Rn}]^{86} 5f^{1-14}6d^{0-1}7s^2.$ $\text{(ii) In the lanthanide series, the earlier members of the series are more reactive. They have reactivity that is comparable to Ca. With an increase in the atomic number, the lanthanides start behaving similar to Al.}$ $\text{Actinoids, on the other hand, are highly reactive metals, especially when they are finely divided. When they are added to boiling water, they give a mixture of oxide and hydride.}$ $\text{Actinoids combine with most of the non-metals at moderate temperatures. Alkalies have no action on these actinoids. In case of acids, they are slightly affected by nitric acid (because of the formation of a protective oxide layer).}$ $\text{(iii) The principal oxidation state of lanthanoids is } (+3). \text{ However, sometimes we also encounter oxidation states of } +2 \text{ and } +4.$ $\text{This is because of extra stability of fully-filled and half-filled orbitals.}$ $\text{Actinoids exhibit a greater range of oxidation states. This is because the 5f, 6d, and 7s levels are of comparable energies.}$

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Expected JSON Format:

{
  "question": "The mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of $\\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]$ is:",
  "options": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "text": "1.8 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "text": "18 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "text": "3.6 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "text": "36 g"
    }
  ],
  "solution": "\\begin{align}\n&\\text{Hint: Mole concept}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\text{ moles of carbon atom}\\\\\n&0.5 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\times 0.5 \\text{ mol} = 3 \\text{ mol}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mol of carbon} = 12 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&3 \\text{ mol carbon} = 12 \\times 3 = 36 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&\\text{Hence, 36 g mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6].\n\\end{align}",
  "correct_answer": 4
}