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Current Question (ID: 18890)

Question:

$\text{Actinide contraction is mainly related to:}$ $1. \text{Poor shielding by 5f subshell}$ $2. \text{Extraordinary decrement in } Z_{\text{eff}}$ $3. \text{Both (1) and (2)}$ $4. \text{Strong shielding by 5f subshell}$

Options:

1. $\text{Poor shielding by 5f subshell}$
2. $\text{Extraordinary decrement in } Z_{\text{eff}}$
3. $\text{Both (1) and (2)}$
4. $\text{Strong shielding by 5f subshell}$

Solution:

$\text{HINT: Poor shielding effect of 5f subshell.}$ $\text{Explanation:}$ $\text{STEP 1: The gradual decrease in the ionic radii with the increase in atomic}$ $\text{number of actinides is called actinoid contraction.}$ $\text{The cause of actinoid contraction is the imperfect shielding by 5f - electrons.}$ $\text{STEP 2: 5f orbital has poor shielding effect than 4f orbital. This is because 5f}$ $\text{orbitals are larger in size as compared to the 4f orbitals.}$ $\text{They are more diffused in shape and therefore they can not shield nuclear}$ $\text{charge effectively.}$ $\text{Hence, as the atomic number increases, the inward pull experienced by 5f-}$ $\text{electrons increases.}$

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Expected JSON Format:

{
  "question": "The mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of $\\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]$ is:",
  "options": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "text": "1.8 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "text": "18 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "text": "3.6 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "text": "36 g"
    }
  ],
  "solution": "\\begin{align}\n&\\text{Hint: Mole concept}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\text{ moles of carbon atom}\\\\\n&0.5 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\times 0.5 \\text{ mol} = 3 \\text{ mol}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mol of carbon} = 12 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&3 \\text{ mol carbon} = 12 \\times 3 = 36 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&\\text{Hence, 36 g mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6].\n\\end{align}",
  "correct_answer": 4
}