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Current Question (ID: 7628)

Question:

$\text{Among the following, the most characteristic oxidation states for lead and tin are, respectively:}$

Options:

1. $+4, +2$
2. $+2, +4$ (Correct)
3. $+4, +4$
4. $+2, +2$

Solution:

$\text{HINT: This is due to the inert pair effect.}$\n\n$\text{Explanation:}$\n\n$\text{As we move down the group, the intervening d and f electrons shield the}$ $\text{ns}^2$ $\text{electrons poorly and hence the}$ $\text{ns}^2$ $\text{electrons are pushed inside towards the nucleus. This results in the reluctance of ns electrons to participate in bond formation and this phenomenon are called the Inert pair effect.}$\n\n$\text{Thus, the tendency to show lower oxidation state increases. Hence the most characteristic oxidation state for lead and tin are +2, +4 respectively.}$\n\n$\text{As lead lies at the bottom of the group, it shows +2 oxidation state generally.}$

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Upload a JSON file containing LaTeX/MathJax formatted question, options, and solution.

Expected JSON Format:

{
  "question": "The mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of $\\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]$ is:",
  "options": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "text": "1.8 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "text": "18 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "text": "3.6 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "text": "36 g"
    }
  ],
  "solution": "\\begin{align}\n&\\text{Hint: Mole concept}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\text{ moles of carbon atom}\\\\\n&0.5 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\times 0.5 \\text{ mol} = 3 \\text{ mol}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mol of carbon} = 12 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&3 \\text{ mol carbon} = 12 \\times 3 = 36 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&\\text{Hence, 36 g mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6].\n\\end{align}",
  "correct_answer": 4
}