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Current Question (ID: 7898)

Question:

$\text{The trend of atomic radius in a period and a group is:}$

Options:

1. $\text{Generally decreases from right to left across a period and increases down a group.}$
2. $\text{Generally increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.}$
3. $\text{Generally decreases from left to right across a period and increases down a group.}$ (Correct)
4. $\text{Generally remains same from left to right across a period and increases down a group.}$

Solution:

$\text{Hint: Atomic/ionic radii depend on effective nuclear charge.}$ $\text{Explanation:}$ $\text{Atomic radius generally decreases from left to right across a period. This is because within a period, the outer electrons are present in the same valence shell and the atomic number increases from left to right across a period, resulting in an increased effective nuclear charge.}$ $\text{As a result, the attraction of electrons to the nucleus increases.}$ $\text{On the other hand, the atomic radius generally increases down a group. This is because down a group, the principal quantum number (n) increases which results in an increase of the distance between the nucleus and valence electrons.}$

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Expected JSON Format:

{
  "question": "The mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of $\\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]$ is:",
  "options": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "text": "1.8 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "text": "18 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "text": "3.6 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "text": "36 g"
    }
  ],
  "solution": "\\begin{align}\n&\\text{Hint: Mole concept}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\text{ moles of carbon atom}\\\\\n&0.5 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\times 0.5 \\text{ mol} = 3 \\text{ mol}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mol of carbon} = 12 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&3 \\text{ mol carbon} = 12 \\times 3 = 36 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&\\text{Hence, 36 g mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6].\n\\end{align}",
  "correct_answer": 4
}