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Current Question (ID: 8711)

Question:
$\text{The temporary and permanent hardness of water is caused by -}$
Options:
  • 1. $\text{Permanent hardness is caused by hydrogen carbonates and temporary hardness is caused by chlorides.}$
  • 2. $\text{Temporary hardness is caused by dihydrogen and permanent hardness is caused by oxides.}$
  • 3. $\text{Temporary hardness is caused by insoluble hydrogen carbonates and permanent hardness is caused by chlorides.}$
  • 4. $\text{Temporary hardness is caused by hydrogen carbonates and permanent hardness is caused by chlorides.}$
Solution:
\text{HINT: Permanent hardness is because of chlorides of Ca and Mg.} \text{Explanation:} \text{Temporary hardness of water is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium in the form of hydrogen carbonates (MHCO}_3\text{, where M = Mg, Ca) in water.} \text{The permanent hardness of water is because of the presence of soluble salts of calcium and magnesium in the form of chlorides in the water. It is known as permanent hardness because it cannot be removed by boiling. Hence, chlorides of Ca and Mg cause permanent hardness while bicarbonates of Ca and Mg cause temporary hardness.}

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Expected JSON Format:

{
  "question": "The mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of $\\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6]$ is:",
  "options": [
    {
      "id": 1,
      "text": "1.8 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 2,
      "text": "18 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 3,
      "text": "3.6 g"
    },
    {
      "id": 4,
      "text": "36 g"
    }
  ],
  "solution": "\\begin{align}\n&\\text{Hint: Mole concept}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\text{ moles of carbon atom}\\\\\n&0.5 \\text{ mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6] = 6 \\times 0.5 \\text{ mol} = 3 \\text{ mol}\\\\\n&1 \\text{ mol of carbon} = 12 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&3 \\text{ mol carbon} = 12 \\times 3 = 36 \\text{ g}\\\\\n&\\text{Hence, 36 g mass of carbon present in 0.5 mole of } \\mathrm{K}_4[\\mathrm{Fe(CN)}_6].\n\\end{align}",
  "correct_answer": 4
}